Abdominal Pain
What to scan:
Findings
Use the corresponding finding images to identify what pathology your patient may have. Please remember that multiple diagnoses may exist at the same patient.
Gallbladder:
Normal
Gallbladder:
Normal
Cholelithiasis
Gallbladder:
Cholelithiasis
Stones shadow
Cholecystitis
Gallbladder:
Cholecystitis
Thickened GB wall
Pericholecystic fluid
Sonographic Murphy’s
Choledocholithiasis & Cholangitis
Gallbladder:
Choledocholithiasis & Cholangitis
“Double barrel” looks like second portal vein
+/- signs of cholecystitis
Hydronephrosis:
Normal
Hydronephrosis:
Normal
Moderate
Hydronephrosis:
Moderate
Severe
Hydronephrosis:
Severe
Urinary Retention
Hydronephrosis:
Urinary Retention
Look for urinary retention if you find bilateral
Bowel Obstruction:
Bowel Obstruction:
Normal
Bowel Obstruction:
Dilated loops of fluid-filled bowel
Bowel Obstruction:
Thickened bowel wall +/- free fluid
Bowel Obstruction:
Lack of peristalsis in SBO not looping
Peritoneal Fluid:
Right Upper Quadrant
Peritoneal Fluid:
Normal right upper quadrant
Normal scan
Peritoneal Fluid:
Right Upper Quadrant
Make sure to check caudal tip of liver!
Left Upper Quadrant
Peritoneal Fluid:
Normal left upper quadrant
Normal scan
Peritoneal Fluid:
Left Upper Quadrant
Check between spleen and diaphragm!
Pelvis
Peritoneal Fluid:
Normal pelvis
Normal scan
Peritoneal Fluid:
Pelvis
Free fluid in pelvis
Appendicitis:
Appendicitis:
Blind-ended, non-compressible
Please note: it is almost impossible to find an appendix in a normal patient.
AAA:
Normal Aorta
AAA:
Normal aorta
Enlarged AAA
AAA:
Enlarged AAA
Ectopic Pregnancy:
Ectopic Pregnancy:
Normal pelvis
Normal
Ectopic Pregnancy:
No intra-uterine fetal pole +/- extra-uterine gestational sac
Look for signs of rupture with free (peritoneal) fluid (shown above)
Enlarged or Ruptured Adnexal Cystic Structures:
Normal
Enlarged or Ruptured Adnexal Cystic Structures:
Normal
Ovarian Cyst
Enlarged or Ruptured Adnexal Cystic Structures:
Ovarian Cyst
Look for signs of rupture with free (peritoneal) fluid (shown above)
Scrotum:
Fractured Testicle
Scrotum:
Fractured Testicle
Testicular Torsion
We don't have a testicular torsion clip yet, but it is a possible outcome.
If you have a testicular torsion clip to donate, please contact us!